1(31)2020 from 03/27/2020

 

PHYSICAL AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

 

Kumitsky, B. M., Savrasova, N. A., Savrasova, E. E., Differential modeling of the evolution of fires under conditions of liquidation of fugitive crown forest fires // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - P. 4-9. Access mode: http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/4-9.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: A mathematical model is proposed that describes, using ordinary differential equations, the balance between disappearing and reappearing local fires in the process of eliminating fugitive crown fires in forests. A characteristic feature of the proposed model is that, in this case, the unknown function (the number of fire places) is characterized only by the time of evolution of fires with coefficients depending on natural factors and the quality of fire extinguishing technologies. The calculation is based on a nonlinear (quadratic) dependence of the rate of change in the number of ignition sources on their number. The analysis of the obtained results shows that, despite the simplification, the proposed model in some cases is true and can be useful in planning fire prevention measures.

 

Key words: differential model, runaway forest fires, evolution of fires.

 

Sapronov, I. V. Conditions for the existence of solutions of an integral equation / I. V. Sapronov, N. M. Spirina, V. V. Zenina // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - P. 10-14. Access mode : http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/10-14.pdf – Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: The article is devoted to the study of solutions of integral equations. The theorems give various sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a solution to an integral equation.

 

Keywords: Integral equation, approximate solution, uniform continuity, limit, subsequence

 

Kamalova, N. S., Evsikova N. Yu., Krutskikh Yu. V. Analysis of the main features of fluctuations of the average monthly daily temperature during the year / Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - Vol. 1, No. 1 (31). - S. 15-21. Access mode: http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/15-21.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: The state of natural global complexes is assessed in modern technologies by changing the main environmental factors (temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure). It is known that environmental temperature monitoring has been carried out for more than three centuries. However, according to the results of long-term observations, fundamental models of the processes of daily temperature change during the year have not yet been formed. The paper proposes an analysis of the dependence of daily temperature fluctuations on solar activity in the framework of a stochastic model. Based on a simple concept, the parameters of the probability distribution of the magnitude of daily temperature fluctuations in different months of the year were estimated.

 

Key words: average temperature of the day, average temperature of the night, daily temperature fluctuations, probability distribution, Gaussian function.

 

TECHNICAL SCIENCE

 

Posmetiev, V. I. Analysis of the design features of lubrication systems used in fifth wheel tractors with semi-trailers / V. I. Posmetiev, V. O. Nikonov, A. V. Avdyukhin, O. S. Lesnykh // Voronezh Scientific Research -technical bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - S. 22-39. Access mode : http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/22-39.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: The purpose and types of fifth wheel couplings used in timber tractors with semi-trailers are considered. The consequences of the use of fifth wheel couplings in case of violation of the operating requirements are described. Comparison of manual and automatic methods of lubrication of friction pairs of the fifth wheel is made. The most common automatic lubrication systems used on the foreign market, used for fifth wheel couplings of timber tractors with semi-trailers, are given. The analysis of known lubrication systems for fifth wheel couplings based on patent search materials was carried out. The main difficult-to-solve issues that arise during the operation of fifth wheel lubrication systems are identified. The proposed solutions are considered, which make it possible to constructively eliminate difficult-to-solve issues. The positive effects obtained by using the proposed solutions are analyzed.

 

Key words: fifth wheel coupling, timber tractor, semi-trailer, manual lubrication, automatic lubrication, lubrication system, technical solution, efficiency, design, research.

 

Posmetiev, V. I., Nikonov, V. O., Avdyukhin, A. V., Matyashov, A. E. Analysis of the effectiveness of the structures of logging sites installed on timber tractors with trailers-dissolutions // Voronezh Scientific and Technical messenger. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - P. 40-57. Access mode : http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/40-57.pdf – Head. from the screen.

 

Annotation: The main Russian and foreign companies, and the logging sites manufactured by them, installed on logging tractors for transportation in a coupling with a trailer-dissolution of long timber, are considered. The analysis of the known structures of logging sites and the rotary horses installed on them is carried out based on the materials of the patent search. The main reasons for the insufficient efficiency of transporting long timber by a timber tractor with a trailer are identified. Possible ways of improving the structures of logging sites installed on logging tractors are proposed.

 

Key words: logging platform, rotary bunk, base plate, logging road, logging tractor, trailer, dissolution, long timber, recuperation, hydraulic energy.

 

Posmetiev, V. I., Nikonov, V. O., Sizmin, I. V., Latynin, A. V. Analysis of the effectiveness of traditional and advanced designs of coupling devices for trailers with vehicles // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - S. 58-86. Access mode : http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/58-86.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: The main features of well-known models of coupling devices produced by Russian and foreign companies are given. The analysis of patent materials in the field of existing designs of trailer coupling devices is carried out. The most important and difficult to solve issues related to the imperfection of the designs of coupling devices that affect the efficiency of vehicles with trailers are summarized.

 

Key words: hitch, drawbar, vehicle, trailer, recovery, hydraulic energy, pneumohydraulic accumulator, design, road conditions, performance efficiency.

 

Platonov, A. A. Distinctive features of competitive bids for the removal of shrubs and small forests from the territory of infrastructure facilities / A. A. Platonov // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - T. 1, No. 1 (31). - S. 87-94. Access mode: http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/87-94.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: With the functioning of various types of transport, the problem of removing unwanted tree and shrub vegetation from the territory of various objects of the relevant infrastructure continues to be relevant. The article discusses the features of the information content of competitive bids when performing work to remove unwanted vegetation, provides examples of existing defective and classification sheets, formulates conclusions and recommendations to organizations that order the work.

 

Keywords: infrastructure, proper maintenance, vegetation, removal, bid.

 

Platonov, A. A. Issues of utilization of undesirable vegetation in the maintenance of protective zones of overhead lines / A. A. Platonov // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - S. 95-102. Access mode: http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/95-102.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: To maintain the security zones of high-voltage power lines in proper condition, a set of measures is required to remove unwanted vegetation from the territory of the relevant facilities. The article discusses the methods of disposal of unwanted vegetation planned when submitting competitive bids, indicates their advantages and disadvantages, and formulates a conclusion about the appropriate methods of disposal.

 

Key words: power lines, buffer zone, vegetation, recycling.

 

Lysych, M.N. Mechanical models of oscillations of machine-tractor units and attachments / MN Lysych // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - S. 103-113. Access mode: http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/103-113.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Annotation: The article is devoted to modeling the vibrations of machine and tractor units. The mechanical models presented in the article make it possible to describe the vibrations of the MTA in the longitudinal-vertical and horizontal planes. Mechanical models of mounted implements are also given, describing their vibrations in the longitudinal-vertical and horizontal planes. In the future, the presented mechanical models can be used in compiling differential equations of vibrations in the framework of the development of the theory of stability of the MTA motion.

 

Key words: machine-tractor unit, modular implements, stability, mathematical modeling.

 

Lysych, M.N. The method of searching for the optimal layout of the MTA with modular forest tillage tools / MN Lysych // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - S. 114-132. Mode access: http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/114-132.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: The article describes the developed three-stage method for finding the optimal layout of MTA with modular forest tillage tools, which allows analyzing all possible layout options, eliminating impossible options according to limiting criteria, and choosing the most cost-effective option. An example of the search for the optimal layout of the MTA, designed for tillage and planting forest crops, using the proposed methods and the developed computer program is given.

 

Key words: machine-tractor unit, modular implements, optimization, reforestation.

 

Kuznetsov, D. S., Pozdnyakov E. V., Evsikova N. Yu. Application of the Hierarchy Analysis Method to Justify the Choice of the Most Efficient Grubber // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - S. 133-139. Access mode: http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/133-139.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: The paper shows an example of using the hierarchy analysis method to compare the efficiency of different modifications of stumps according to several criteria. Adaptation to the territory of operation, fuel economy and the time of an elementary operation were chosen as criteria. As a result, the choice of the optimal device was substantiated. The use of the hierarchy analysis method for solving multicriteria problems is convenient due to the possibility of using software tools.

 

Key words: system approach, alternative comparison method, comparison criteria, efficiency criteria, multi-criteria approach, rooter.

 

Gnusov, M. A. Types and characteristics of forest fires / M. A. Gnusov, S. V. Malyukov, A. F. Petkov // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - S. 140-146. Access mode : http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/140-146.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: An analysis of the description of the nature of the occurrence and spread of a forest fire is carried out. A brief review of the methods of forest pyrology used to determine the possibility of a forest fire is presented, the main characteristics indicating the occurrence and spread of fire in a forest area are considered.

 

Key words: crown forest fire, ground forest fire, combustible material, weather conditions, relief

 

Gnusov, M. A. Tactics for extinguishing forest fires / M. A. Gnusov, S. V. Malyukov, A. F. Petkov // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). - S. 147-153. Access mode : http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31-2020/147-153.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: A review of studies on the identification of various methods and strategies for extinguishing forest fires and applied technical solutions for stopping and localizing fires is carried out. It is concluded that soil throwing equipment should be considered only as part of a combined machine, which will allow removing forest litter from the path of the unit, preventing its release into the fire zone.

 

Key words: forest fire, extinguishing tactics, extinguishing methods.

 

Khvastunov, S.V. Peculiarities of applied methods of control of vertical loads on the driving wheels of a tractor during transport operations / SV Khvastunov, VI Pryadkin // Voronezh Scientific and Technical Bulletin. - 2020. - V. 1, No. 1 (31). – S. 154-159. Access mode: http://vestnikvglta.ru/arhiv/2020/1-31- 2020/154-159.pdf - Head. from the screen.

 

Abstract: The article provides a comparative description of the methods for correcting vertical loads on the wheels of a tractor-transport unit using hydraulic loading devices installed as standard in a separate-aggregate tractor hydraulic system.

 

Key words: traction and coupling properties, hydraulic correction, tractive force, position-power controller.